C# 输出目录结构树到Console或文本文件

1.关于打印目录树函数

前几天写文档,要解释一个目录里大部分的子目录和文件的用途,因而顺手写了一个打印文件目录树的C#工具类,能够将生成的目录树打印到Console或是文本文件中。工具

2.工具类源码编码

打印目录树工具类:DocTreeHelpercode

须要手动加载命名空间:System.IO文档

class DocTreeHelper
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 输出目录结构树
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="dirpath">被检查目录</param>
    public static void PrintTree(string dirpath)
    {
        if (!Directory.Exists(dirpath))
        {
            throw new Exception("文件夹不存在");
        }

        PrintDirectory(dirpath, 0, ""); 
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 将目录结构树输出到指定文件
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="dirpath">被检查目录</param>
    /// <param name="outputpath">输出到的文件</param>
    public static void PrintTree(string dirpath, string outputpath)
    {
        if (!Directory.Exists(dirpath))
        {
            throw new Exception("文件夹不存在");
        }

        //将输出流定向到文件 outputpath
        StringWriter swOutput = new StringWriter(); 
        Console.SetOut(swOutput); 

        PrintDirectory(dirpath, 0, ""); 

        //将输出流输出到文件 outputpath
        File.WriteAllText(outputpath, swOutput.ToString()); 

        //将输出流从新定位回文件 outputpath
        StreamWriter swConsole = new StreamWriter(
            Console.OpenStandardOutput(), Console.OutputEncoding);
        swConsole.AutoFlush = true;
        Console.SetOut(swConsole);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 打印目录结构
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="dirpath">目录</param>
    /// <param name="depth">深度</param>
    /// <param name="prefix">前缀</param>
    private static void PrintDirectory(string dirpath, int depth, string prefix)
    {
        DirectoryInfo dif = new DirectoryInfo(dirpath);

        //打印当前目录
        if (depth == 0)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(prefix + dif.Name);
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(prefix.Substring(0, prefix.Length - 2) + "| ");
            Console.WriteLine(prefix.Substring(0, prefix.Length - 2) + "|-" + dif.Name);
        }

        //打印目录下的目录信息
        for (int counter = 0; counter < dif.GetDirectories().Length; counter++)
        {
            DirectoryInfo di = dif.GetDirectories()[counter]; 
            if (counter != dif.GetDirectories().Length - 1 ||
                dif.GetFiles().Length != 0)
            {
                PrintDirectory(di.FullName, depth + 1, prefix + "| ");
            }
            else
            {
                PrintDirectory(di.FullName, depth + 1, prefix + "  ");
            }
        }

        //打印目录下的文件信息
        for (int counter = 0; counter < dif.GetFiles().Length; counter++)
        {
            FileInfo f = dif.GetFiles()[counter];
            if (counter == 0)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(prefix + "|");
            }
            Console.WriteLine(prefix + "|-" + f.Name);
        }
    }
}

3.调用实例源码

在Main函数中输入下面的代码进行调用string

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        string dirpath = @"D:\MyPrograms\Program4Use\DocumentTree";
        string outputpath = @"output.txt";

        DocTreeHelper.PrintTree(dirpath);
        DocTreeHelper.PrintTree(dirpath, outputpath);

        Console.WriteLine("Output Finished");
        Console.WriteLine("输出完毕");
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}

4.运行效果it

1)调用DocTreeHelper.PrintTree(dirpath)将目录dirpath的信息输出到控制台io

2)调用DocTreeHelper.PrintTree(dirpath, outputpath)将目录dirpath的信息输出到文本文件outputpathclass

5.其余注意事项

1)在输出到文件的函数中,本文中的代码是先将Console的输出定位到一个流中,再在完成功能后将Console的输出定位回控制台来实现的。输出到控制台的流,编码方式应该采用Console.OutputEncoding,若是使用Encoding.ASCII,能够正确输出英文,但以后输出汉字会出现乱码。

2)不要在输出到文本文件的内容中使用字符'\b',BackSpace在文本文件中也是一个字符,它并不会将光标向前移动。

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