Linux Bridge vlan filtering
linux网桥支持vlan filtering过滤功能后，咱们不仔再须要经过子接口的形式进行vlan划分，简化了vlan配置。linux
1. bridge vlan说明
man bridge能够了解到，linux经过以下命令进行vlan filtering的配置：shell
bridge vlan { add | del } dev DEV vid VID [ pvid ] [ untagged ] [ self ] [ master ]
选项说明：ubuntu
pvid：端口的默认vlan，全部从该端口输入的没有携带vlan的报文，会被打上该vlan标签，该选项只对输入报文有效。ui
untagged：端口的untag vlan，输出报文携带该vlan时，会被剥离。code
通常状况下pvid和untagged是同时使用的，对应于cisco的switchport trunk native vlan接口
selfip
masterci
这两个选项在帮助手册上是这么解释的：terminal
self the vlan is configured on the specified physical device. Required if the device is the bridge device. master the vlan is configured on the software bridge (default).
个人理解是：self表示该vlan是添加再bridge设备上的，并且给桥添加vlan时必须且只能携带该选项，不然会报错：it
ubuntu@VM-126-137-ubuntu:~$ sudo ip link add Bridge up type bridge vlan_filtering 1 ubuntu@VM-126-137-ubuntu:~/bgp-lab$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev Bridge self ubuntu@VM-126-137-ubuntu:~/bgp-lab$ ubuntu@VM-126-137-ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev Bridge master RTNETLINK answers: Operation not supported ubuntu@VM-126-137-ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev Bridge RTNETLINK answers: Operation not supported ubuntu@VM-126-137-ubuntu:~/$
master表示该vlan是添加再bridge的端口设备上的，该选项是默认的，给桥上的端口添加vlan时能够不指定该参数。
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link del Bridge
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link add Bridge up type bridge vlan_filtering 1
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link set eth1 master Bridge
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev Bridge self
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev eth1
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev eth1 master
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev eth1 self
RTNETLINK answers: Operation not supported
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show
port vlan ids
eth1 1 PVID Egress Untagged
100
Bridge 1 PVID Egress Untagged
100
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$
添加桥时，默认会以 pvid untagged形式添加的默认vlan 1中，不少厂商会把vlan 1做为保留vlan，不容许用户配置。
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link del Bridge ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show port vlan ids ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link add Bridge up type bridge vlan_filtering 1 ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show port vlan ids Bridge 1 PVID Egress Untagged ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$
端口加入桥时，也会默认以 pvid untagged形式添加的默认vlan 1中，
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link del Bridge ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link add Bridge up type bridge vlan_filtering 1 ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link set eth1 master Bridge ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show port vlan ids eth1 1 PVID Egress Untagged Bridge 1 PVID Egress Untagged ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$
也能够删除默认vlan 1
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan del vid 1 dev enp4s0f0 master
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show
port vlan ids
enp129s0f0np0
enp129s0f1np1
enp4s0f0 100
Bridge 1 PVID Egress Untagged
100
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan del vid 1 dev Bridge self
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show
port vlan ids
enp4s0f0 100
Bridge 100
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$
2.实验
2.1 ubuntu配置
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link add Bridge up type bridge vlan_filtering 1
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link set eth1 master Bridge
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev Bridge self
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan add vid 100 dev eth1 master
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip link add link Bridge name Vlan100 up type vlan id 100
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo ip addr add 10.0.2.1/24 dev Vlan100
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ sudo bridge vlan show
port vlan ids
eth1 1 PVID Egress Untagged
100
Bridge 1 PVID Egress Untagged
100
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$
2.2 交换机配置
SWITCH# exit SWITCH> enable SWITCH# show vlan +-----------+--------------+---------+----------------+-----------------------+ | VLAN ID | IP Address | Ports | Port Tagging | DHCP Helper Address | +===========+==============+=========+================+=======================+ +-----------+--------------+---------+----------------+-----------------------+ SWITCH# configure terminal SWITCH(config)# vlan 100 SWITCH(config)# interface eth25GE 47 SWITCH(config-if)# switchport mode access trunk SWITCH(config-if)# switchport mode trunk SWITCH(config-if)# switchport trunk allowd vlan add 100 SWITCH(config-if)# exit SWITCH(config)# interface vlan 100 SWITCH(config-if)# ip address 10.0.2.2/24 Add Vlan100 into default VRF SWITCH(config-if)#
2.3 互ping
SWITCH(config-if)# do ping 10.0.2.1 PING 10.0.2.1 (10.0.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.196 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.219 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.150 ms ^C SWITCH(config-if)# --- 10.0.2.1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2032ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.150/0.188/0.219/0.030 ms SWITCH(config-if)# ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$ ping 10.0.2.2 PING 10.0.2.2 (10.0.2.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.308 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.245 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.262 ms ^C --- 10.0.2.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2031ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.245/0.271/0.308/0.032 ms ubuntu@ubuntu:~/$