鸿蒙软总线跨设备访问该怎么玩——小总结
重点撸代码：异步
一、跨设备启动FA、跨设备迁移、回迁async
（1）权限分布式
ohos.permission.DISTRIBUTED_DEVICE_STATE_CHANGE：用于容许监听分布式组网内的设备状态变化。
ohos.permission.GET_DISTRIBUTED_DEVICE_INFO：用于容许获取分布式组网内的设备列表和设备信息。
ohos.permission.GET_BUNDLE_INFO：用于查询其余应用的信息。
ohos.permission.DISTRIBUTED_DATASYNC：用于容许不一样设备间的数据交换。
"reqPermissions": [
{"name": "ohos.permission.DISTRIBUTED_DATASYNC"},
{"name": "ohos.permission.DISTRIBUTED_DEVICE_STATE_CHANGE"},
{"name": "ohos.permission.GET_DISTRIBUTED_DEVICE_INFO" },
{"name": "ohos.permission.GET_BUNDLE_INFO"}
]
//主动申明，要多设备协同，让用户选择容许仍是禁止
requestPermissionsFromUser(new String[]{"ohos.permission.DISTRIBUTED_DATASYNC"}, 0);
（2）界面：ability_main.xmlide
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <DirectionalLayout xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos" ohos:height="match_parent" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:orientation="vertical"> <Button ohos:id="$+id:main_start_fa_btn" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="300vp" ohos:text="1.启动远程设备的FA" ohos:text_size="20fp" ohos:text_color="#ffffff" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_bg" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:top_padding="8vp" ohos:bottom_padding="8vp" ohos:left_padding="40vp" ohos:right_padding="40vp" ohos:top_margin="20vp" /> <Button ohos:id="$+id:main_migration_btn" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="300vp" ohos:text="2.迁移到远程设备" ohos:text_size="20fp" ohos:text_color="#ffffff" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_bg" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:top_padding="8vp" ohos:bottom_padding="8vp" ohos:left_padding="40vp" ohos:right_padding="40vp" ohos:top_margin="20vp" /> </DirectionalLayout>
button_bg.xml函数
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos" ohos:shape="rectangle"> <solid ohos:color="#007DFF"/> <corners ohos:radius="40"/> </shape>
另外咱们须要的Page Abiltiy：MigrationAbility、RemoveAbility
MainAbilitySlice:工具
public class MainAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {
private Button mainStartFABtn,mainMigrationBtn;
@Override
public void onStart(Intent intent) {
super.onStart(intent);
super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main);
mainStartFABtn = (Button)findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_main_start_fa_btn);
mainMigrationBtn = (Button)findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_main_migration_btn);
mainStartFABtn.setClickedListener(mClickListener);
mainMigrationBtn.setClickedListener(mClickListener);
}
private Component.ClickedListener mClickListener = new Component.ClickedListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(Component component) {
int compoentId = component.getId();
switch (compoentId){
case ResourceTable.Id_main_start_fa_btn:
//点击后跨设备打开Fa
//第一种写法
Intent intent = new Intent();
Operation op = new Intent.OperationBuilder()
.withDeviceId(Common.getOnLineDeviceId())
.withBundleName("com.ybzy.demo")
.withAbilityName("com.ybzy.demo.RemoveAbility")
.withFlags(Intent.FLAG_ABILITYSLICE_MULTI_DEVICE)
.build();
intent.setOperation(op);
intent.setParam("msg","我夸设备把你这个FA拉起来了！");
startAbility(intent);
//第二钟写法
intent.setElement(new ElementName(Common.getOnLineDeviceId()
,"com.ybzy.demo","com.ybzy.demo.RemoveAbility"));
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ABILITYSLICE_MULTI_DEVICE);
intent.setParam("msg","我夸设备把你这个FA拉起来了！");
startAbility(intent);
break;
case ResourceTable.Id_main_migration_btn:
//点击后进入要迁移的Ability页面
Intent migrationIntent = new Intent();
migrationIntent.setElement(new ElementName("","com.ybzy.demo"
,"com.ybzy.demo.MigrationAbility"));
startAbility(migrationIntent);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
};
@Override
public void onActive() {
super.onActive();
}
@Override
public void onForeground(Intent intent) {
super.onForeground(intent);
}
}
ability_migration.xmloop
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <DirectionalLayout xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos" ohos:height="match_parent" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:background_element="#00ffff" ohos:orientation="vertical"> <Text ohos:id="$+id:migration_text" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="250vp" ohos:background_element="#0088bb" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:text="下面是一个可编辑的文本框" ohos:text_size="50" ohos:padding="5vp" ohos:top_margin="30vp" /> <TextField ohos:id="$+id:migration_textfield" ohos:height="250vp" ohos:width="250vp" ohos:hint="请输入..." ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:background_element="#ffffff" ohos:text_color="#888888" ohos:text_size="20fp" ohos:padding="5vp" /> <Button ohos:id="$+id:migration_migration_btn" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="match_content" ohos:text="点击迁移" ohos:text_size="20fp" ohos:text_color="#ffffff" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_bg" ohos:top_padding="8vp" ohos:bottom_padding="8vp" ohos:left_padding="50vp" ohos:right_padding="50vp" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:top_margin="30vp" /> <Button ohos:id="$+id:migration_migration_back_btn" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="match_content" ohos:text="点击迁移回来" ohos:text_size="20fp" ohos:text_color="#ffffff" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_bg" ohos:top_padding="8vp" ohos:bottom_padding="8vp" ohos:left_padding="50vp" ohos:right_padding="50vp" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:top_margin="30vp" /> </DirectionalLayout>
RemoveAbility...把接收到的值显示到页面就行，setText()布局
（3）工具类大数据
public class Common{
public static String getDeviceId(){
List<DeviceInfo> deviceList = DeviceManager.getDeviceList(DeviceInfo.FLAG_GET_ONLINE_DEVICE);
if(deviceList.isEmpty()){
return null;
}
int deviceNum = deviceList.size();
List<String> deviceIds = new ArrayList<>(deviceNum);
List<String> deviceNames = new ArrayList<>(deviceNum);
deviceList.forEach((device)->{
deviceIds.add(device.getDeviceId());
deviceNames.add(device.getDeviceName());
});
//咱们这里的实验环境，就两部手机，组件还没讲
//我就直接使用deviceIds的第一个元素，作为启动远程设备的目标id
String devcieIdStr = deviceIds.get(0);
return devcieIdStr;
}
public static void myShowTip(Context context,String msg){
//提示框的核心组件文本
Text text = new Text(context);
text.setWidth(MATCH_CONTENT);
text.setHeight(MATCH_CONTENT);
text.setTextSize(16, Text.TextSizeType.FP);
text.setText(msg);
text.setPadding(30,20,30,20);
text.setMultipleLine(true);
text.setMarginLeft(30);
text.setMarginRight(30);
text.setTextColor(Color.WHITE);
text.setTextAlignment(TextAlignment.CENTER);
//给上面的文本设置一个背景样式
ShapeElement style = new ShapeElement();
style.setShape(ShapeElement.RECTANGLE);
style.setRgbColor(new RgbColor(77,77,77));
style.setCornerRadius(15);
text.setBackground(style);
//构建存放上面的text的布局
DirectionalLayout mainLayout = new DirectionalLayout(context);
mainLayout.setWidth(MATCH_PARENT);
mainLayout.setHeight(MATCH_CONTENT);
mainLayout.setAlignment(LayoutAlignment.CENTER);
mainLayout.addComponent(text);
//最后要让上面的组件绑定dialog
ToastDialog toastDialog = new ToastDialog(context);
toastDialog.setSize(MATCH_PARENT,MATCH_CONTENT);
toastDialog.setDuration(1500);
toastDialog.setAutoClosable(true);
toastDialog.setTransparent(true);
toastDialog.setAlignment(LayoutAlignment.CENTER);
toastDialog.setComponent((Component) mainLayout);
toastDialog.show();
}
}
（4）实现功能
MigrationAbilitySlice：ui
public class MigrationAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice implements IAbilityContinuation {
TextField migrationTextField;
Button migrationMigrationBtn,migrationMigrationBackBtn;
String msg = "";
@Override
public void onStart(Intent intent) {
super.onStart(intent);
super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_migration);
migrationTextField = (TextField)findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_migration_textfield);
migrationTextField.setText(msg);
migrationMigrationBtn = (Button)findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_migration_migration_btn);
migrationMigrationBtn.setClickedListener(component -> {
//一、要进行迁移的Ability实现接口 IAbilityContinuation，实现的方法返回值改为true
//二、要进行迁移的Ability下面关联的全部AbilitySlice都要实现接口 IAbilityContinuation，
// 实现的方法上处理数据
//三、进行迁移
String deviceId = Common.getOnLineDeviceId();
if(deviceId != null){
// continueAbility(deviceId);
continueAbilityReversibly(deviceId);
}
});
migrationMigrationBackBtn = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable
.Id_migration_migration_back_btn);
migrationMigrationBackBtn.setClickedListener(component -> {
reverseContinueAbility();
});
}
@Override
public void onActive() {
super.onActive();
}
@Override
public void onForeground(Intent intent) {
super.onForeground(intent);
}
@Override
public boolean onStartContinuation() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onSaveData(IntentParams intentParams) {
intentParams.setParam("msg",migrationTextField.getText());
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onRestoreData(IntentParams intentParams) {
msg = intentParams.getParam("msg").toString();
// getUITaskDispatcher().asyncDispatch(() -> {
// migrationTextField.setText(intentParams.getParam("msg").toString());
// });
return true;
}
@Override
public void onCompleteContinuation(int i) {
}
}
二、跨设备链接Service
启动远程设备Service的代码示例以下：
添加按钮：
<Button ohos:id="$+id:main_start_removeService_btn" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="300vp" ohos:text="远程启动ServiceAbility" ohos:text_size="20fp" ohos:text_color="#ffffff" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_bg" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:top_padding="8vp" ohos:bottom_padding="8vp" ohos:left_padding="40vp" ohos:right_padding="40vp" ohos:top_margin="20vp" /> <Button ohos:id="$+id:main_stop_removeService_btn" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="300vp" ohos:text="远程关闭ServiceAbility" ohos:text_size="20fp" ohos:text_color="#ffffff" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_bg" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:top_padding="8vp" ohos:bottom_padding="8vp" ohos:left_padding="40vp" ohos:right_padding="40vp" ohos:top_margin="20vp" />
新建RemoteServiceAbility：
public class RemoteServiceAbility extends Ability {
private static final HiLogLabel LABEL_LOG = new HiLogLabel(3, 0xD001100, "Demo");
private Source sVideoSource;
private Player sPlayer;
@Override
public void onStart(Intent intent) {
HiLog.error(LABEL_LOG, "RmoteServiceAbility::onStart");
super.onStart(intent);
Common.myShowTip(this,"remote onstart");
sPlayer = new Player(RemoteServiceAbility.this);
new PlayerThread().start();
}
class PlayerThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
File mp3FilePath = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC);
if (!mp3FilePath.exists()) {
mp3FilePath.mkdirs();
}
File mp3File = new File(mp3FilePath.getAbsolutePath() + "/" + "bj.mp3");
Resource res = getResourceManager()
.getRawFileEntry("resources/rawfile/bj.mp3").openRawFile();
byte[] buf = new byte[4096];
int count = 0;
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(mp3File);
while ((count = res.read(buf)) != -1) {
fos.write(buf, 0, count);
}
FileDescriptor fileDescriptor = new FileInputStream(mp3File).getFD();
sVideoSource = new Source(fileDescriptor);
sPlayer.setSource(sVideoSource);
sPlayer.prepare();
sPlayer.setVolume(0.3f);
sPlayer.enableSingleLooping(true);
sPlayer.play();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
@Override
public void onStop() {
super.onStop();
Common.myShowTip(RemoteServiceAbility.this,"remote onStop");
sPlayer.stop();
}
@Override
public IRemoteObject onConnect(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
@Override
public void onDisconnect(Intent intent) {
}
}
启动：
case ResourceTable.Id_main_start_remoteService_btn: Common.myShowTip(MainAbilitySlice.this,deviceId); Intent startRemoteServiceIntent = new Intent(); startRemoteServiceIntent.setElement(new ElementName( deviceId, "com.ybzy.demo", "com.ybzy.demo.RemoteServiceAbility" )); startRemoteServiceIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ABILITYSLICE_MULTI_DEVICE); startAbility(startRemoteServiceIntent); break;
关闭远程设备Service：
case ResourceTable.Id_main_stop_remoteService_btn: Common.myShowTip(MainAbilitySlice.this,deviceId); Intent stopRemoteServiceIntent = new Intent(); stopRemoteServiceIntent.setElement(new ElementName( deviceId, "com.ybzy.demo", "com.ybzy.demo.RemoteServiceAbility" )); stopRemoteServiceIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ABILITYSLICE_MULTI_DEVICE); stopAbility(stopRemoteServiceIntent); break;
仅经过启动和中止Service Ability两种方式对Service进行调度没法应对需长期交互的场景，
简单地说，信息就是只能去，回不来！
所以，分布式任务调度平台向开发者提供了跨设备Service链接及断开链接的能力。
连接上了，信息可去可回！
连接是使用connectAbility()方法，须要传入目标Service的Intent与接口IAbilityConnection的实例对象。
接口IAbilityConnection提供了两个方法供开发者实现：
（1）onAbilityConnectDone()用来处理链接的回调。
（2）onAbilityDisconnectDone()用来处理断开链接的回调。
咱们能够在onAbilityConnectDone()中获取管理连接的代理，进一步为了使用该代理跨设备调度Service，
开发者须要在本地及远端分别实现对外接口一致的代理，这个接口是IRemoteBroker。
添加按钮：
<Button ohos:id="$+id:main_connect_remoteService_btn" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="300vp" ohos:text="远程连接ServiceAbility" ohos:text_size="20fp" ohos:text_color="#ffffff" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_bg" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:top_padding="8vp" ohos:bottom_padding="8vp" ohos:left_padding="40vp" ohos:right_padding="40vp" ohos:top_margin="20vp" /> <Button ohos:id="$+id:main_use_remoteService_btn" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="300vp" ohos:text="使用远程ServiceAbility" ohos:text_size="20fp" ohos:text_color="#ffffff" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_bg" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:top_padding="8vp" ohos:bottom_padding="8vp" ohos:left_padding="40vp" ohos:right_padding="40vp" ohos:top_margin="20vp" /> <Button ohos:id="$+id:main_disconnect_remoteService_btn" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="300vp" ohos:text="远程断开ServiceAbility" ohos:text_size="20fp" ohos:text_color="#ffffff" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_bg" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:top_padding="8vp" ohos:bottom_padding="8vp" ohos:left_padding="40vp" ohos:right_padding="40vp" ohos:top_margin="20vp" />
发起链接的本地侧的代理示例以下：
public class MyRemoteProxy implements IRemoteBroker {
//IRemoteBroker:获取远程代理对象的持有者
private static final int ERR_OK = 0;
//COMMAND_PLUS表示有效消息进行通讯的约定的标记，MIN_TRANSACTION_ID是这个标记能够用的最小值：1
private static final int COMMAND_PLUS = IRemoteObject.MIN_TRANSACTION_ID;
//IRemoteObject:此接口
// 可用于查询或获取接口描述符、
// 添加或删除死亡通知、
// 将对象状态转储到特定文件以及发送消息。
private final IRemoteObject remote;
public MyRemoteProxy(IRemoteObject remote) {
this.remote = remote;
}
@Override
public IRemoteObject asObject() {//获取远程代理对象的方法
return remote;
}
public int plus(int a,int b) throws RemoteException {
//MessageParcel:这个类提供了读写对象、接口标记、文件描述符和大数据的方法。
MessageParcel data = MessageParcel.obtain();
//obtain()建立索引为0的空MessageParcel对象
MessageParcel reply = MessageParcel.obtain();
//MessageOption:定义与sendRequest一块儿发送消息的选项。
// option不一样的取值，决定采用同步或异步方式跨设备调用Service
// 这个例子咱们须要同步获取对端Service执行加法运算后的结果，同步模式调用sendRequest接口，即MessageOption.TF_SYNC
// 对应的是异步：TF_ASYNC
MessageOption option = new MessageOption(MessageOption.TF_SYNC);
data.writeInt(a);
data.writeInt(b);
try {
remote.sendRequest(COMMAND_PLUS, data, reply, option);
//第1个参数：约定通讯双方肯定的消息标记。
//第2个参数：发送到对等端侧的数据包裹MessageParcel对象。
//第3个参数：对等端侧返回的数据包裹MessageParcel对象。
//第4个参数：设置发送消息，用同步仍是异步模式。
int ec = reply.readInt(); //返回通讯成不成功，约定的标记ERR_OK
if (ec != ERR_OK) {
throw new RemoteException();
}
int result = reply.readInt();
return result;
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw new RemoteException();
} finally {
data.reclaim(); //reclaim()清除再也不使用的MessageParcel对象。
reply.reclaim();
}
}
}
等待链接的远端侧的代理示例以下：
public class MyRemote extends RemoteObject implements IRemoteBroker{
private static final int ERR_OK = 0;
private static final int ERROR = -1;
private static final int COMMAND_PLUS = IRemoteObject.MIN_TRANSACTION_ID;
public MyRemote() {
super("MyService_Remote");
}
@Override
public IRemoteObject asObject() {
return this;
}
@Override
public boolean onRemoteRequest(int code, MessageParcel data, MessageParcel reply, MessageOption option) {
if (code != COMMAND_PLUS) {
reply.writeInt(ERROR);
return false;
}
int value1 = data.readInt();
int value2 = data.readInt();
int sum = value1 + value2;
reply.writeInt(ERR_OK);
reply.writeInt(sum);
return true;
}
}
等待链接侧还须要做以下修改：
// 绑定前面定义的代理，实例化出发起连接侧须要的代理
private MyRemote remote = new MyRemote();
@Override
public IRemoteObject onConnect(Intent intent) {
//连接成功的时候，给发起连接侧返回去
return remote.asObject();
}
完成上述步骤后，能够经过点击事件实现链接、利用链接关系控制PA以及断开链接等行为，代码示例以下：
private MyRemoteProxy mProxy = null;
// 建立链接回调实例
private IAbilityConnection conn = new IAbilityConnection() {
// 链接到Service的回调
@Override
public void onAbilityConnectDone(ElementName elementName, IRemoteObject iRemoteObject, int resultCode) {
// 在这里开发者能够拿到服务端传过来IRemoteObject对象，从中解析出服务端传过来的信息
mProxy = new MyRemoteProxy(iRemoteObject);
UIUtils.showTip(MainAbilitySlice.this,"拿到remoteObject：" + mProxy);
}
// 意外断开链接才会回调
@Override
public void onAbilityDisconnectDone(ElementName elementName, int resultCode) {
}
};
// 链接远程
case ResourceTable.Id_main_connect_remoteService_btn:
//一、实现链接的本地侧的代理
//二、实现等待链接的远端侧的代理
//三、修改等待链接侧的Service
//四、在本地(发起连接侧)获取远端(被连接侧)返回过来的连接代理，建立连接后的回调函数
//五、实现连接，经过代理对象使用Service的服务
if (deviceId != null) {
Intent connectServiceIntent = new Intent();
connectServiceIntent.setElement(new ElementName(
deviceId,
"com.ybzy.demo",
"com.ybzy.demo.RemoteServiceAbility"
));
connectServiceIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ABILITYSLICE_MULTI_DEVICE);
connectAbility(connectServiceIntent, iAbilityConnection);
}
break;
// 连接后使用
case ResourceTable.Id_main_use_remoteService_btn:
if (mProxy != null) {
int ret = -1;
try {
ret = mProxy.plus(10, 20);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Common.myShowTip(MainAbilitySlice.this, "获取的结果：" + ret);
}
break;
// 用完断开
case ResourceTable.Id_main_disconnect_remoteService_btn:
disconnectAbility(iAbilityConnection);
break;