C# 串口通信总结

时间  2020-12-25
我们知道对于 
 
  标准DLL,可以采用DllImport进行调用。例如：

 

 [DllImport( " KMY350X.dll ")]
         private  static  extern  int OpenPort( int PortNum,  int BaudRate);

 

如果一些厂家比较懒的话，没有提供相应的dll,我们只能对它进行串口通信编程了。以前从没接触过串口编程，最近在一个项目中有几个地方都需要采用串口通信，跟公司一个老手请教后，感觉学到了很多东西，特在此做个总结:

     

     一：首先我们来认识下什么是串口：

 

右键 我的电脑-管理-设备管理器-端口，选择一个端口，点击属性。

        

 

我们可以看到该串口的属性，在C#中我们使用SerialPort类来表示串口

 

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            ConfigClass config =  new ConfigClass();
    comm.serialPort.PortName = config.ReadConfig( " SendHealCard ");
             // 波特率
            comm.serialPort.BaudRate =  9600;
             // 数据位
            comm.serialPort.DataBits =  8;
             // 两个停止位
            comm.serialPort.StopBits = System.IO.Ports.StopBits.One;
             // 无奇偶校验位
            comm.serialPort.Parity = System.IO.Ports.Parity.None;
            comm.serialPort.ReadTimeout =  100;
            comm.serialPort.WriteTimeout = - 1;
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        二：串口调试工具：

在对串口进行编程时候，我们要向串口发送指令，然后我们解析串口返回的指令。在这里向大家推荐一款工具。

        串口调试助手.exe

        

         

 

将要发送的指令用空格隔开，选择HEX显示为放回的字符串。

       

三：正式编程：

       

编写Comm类:

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     public class Comm   
     {
         public  delegate  void EventHandle( byte[] readBuffer);
         public  event EventHandle DataReceived;

         public SerialPort serialPort;
        Thread thread;
         volatile  bool _keepReading;

         public Comm()
        {
            serialPort =  new SerialPort();
            thread =  null;
            _keepReading =  false;
        }

         public  bool IsOpen
        {
             get 
            {
                 return serialPort.IsOpen;
            }
        }        

         private  void StartReading()
        {
             if (!_keepReading)
            {
                _keepReading =  true;
                thread =  new Thread( new ThreadStart(ReadPort));
                thread.Start();
            }
        }

         private  void StopReading()
        {
             if (_keepReading)
            {
                _keepReading =  false;
                thread.Join();
                thread =  null;                
            }
        }

         private  void ReadPort()
        {
             while (_keepReading)
            {
                 if (serialPort.IsOpen)
                {
                     int count = serialPort.BytesToRead;
                     if (count >  0)
                    {
                         byte[] readBuffer =  new  byte[count];
                         try
                        {
                            Application.DoEvents();
                            serialPort.Read(readBuffer,  0, count);
                             if(DataReceived !=  null)
                                DataReceived(readBuffer);
                            Thread.Sleep( 100);
                        }
                         catch (TimeoutException)
                        {
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

         public  void Open()
        {
            Close();            
            serialPort.Open();
             if (serialPort.IsOpen)
            {
                StartReading();
            }
             else
            {
                MessageBox.Show( " 串口打开失败！ ");
            }
        }

         public  void Close()
        {
            StopReading();
            serialPort.Close();
        }

         public  void WritePort( byte[] send,  int offSet,  int count)
        {
             if (IsOpen)
            {
                serialPort.Write(send, offSet, count);
            }
        }
    }
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注册串口：

     

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            Comm 
 
   comm = new Comm();
            ConfigClass config =  new ConfigClass();
            comm.serialPort.PortName = config.ReadConfig( " SendHealCard ");
             // 波特率
            comm.serialPort.BaudRate =  9600;
             // 数据位
            comm.serialPort.DataBits =  8;
             // 两个停止位
            comm.serialPort.StopBits = System.IO.Ports.StopBits.One;
             // 无奇偶校验位
            comm.serialPort.Parity = System.IO.Ports.Parity.None;
            comm.serialPort.ReadTimeout =  100;
     comm.serialPort.WriteTimeout = -1; 
     
      comm.Open();
            if (comm.IsOpen)
            {
                comm.DataReceived += new Comm.EventHandle(comm_DataReceived);
            }
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发送指令：

      

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         ///   <summary>
///  发卡到机口
         ///   </summary>
         private  void SendCardToOut()
        {
            is_read_card =  false;
            sendCardToOut =  true;
             byte[] send = {  0x02,  0x46,  0x43,  0x34,  0x03,  0x30 };
             if (comm.IsOpen)
            {
                comm.WritePort(send,  0, send.Length);
            }
        } 
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收到指令，并解析：

     

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    void comm_DataReceived(byte[] readBuffer1)
 {
             // log.Info(HexCon.ByteToString(readBuffer));
             if (readBuffer1.Length ==  1)
            {
                receive = HealCardClass.ByteToString(readBuffer1);
                 string str =  " 06 ";
                 if ( string.Equals(receive.Trim(), str, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase))
                {
                     try
                    {
                         if (is_read_card)
                        {
                             byte[] send =  new  byte[ 1];
                            send[ 0] =  0x05;
                            comm.WritePort(send,  0, send.Length);
                            Thread.Sleep( 500);
                            comm.DataReceived -=  new Comm.EventHandle(comm_DataReceived);
                            InitReadComm();
                        }
                         if (sendCardToOut)
                        {
                             byte[] send =  new  byte[ 1];
                            send[ 0] =  0x05;
                            comm.WritePort(send,  0, send.Length);


                            readComm.DataReceived -=  new Comm.EventHandle(readComm_DataReceived);
                            readComm.Close();

                            log.Info( " 发卡完成！ ");
                            lblMsg.Text =  " 发卡成功！ ";
                            lblSendCardMsg.Text =  " 发卡完成，请收好卡！ ";
                            timer1.Tick -=  new EventHandler(timer1_Tick);
                            PlaySound();
                             this.btnOK.Enabled =  true;


                        }
                    }
                     catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        log.Info(ex.ToString());
                    }
                }
            }
  } 
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至此，串口通信编程告一段落 

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