使用spring自带框架测试，代码以下：java
package TestContext;
import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.TestExecutionListeners;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.BeforeTransaction;
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import entity.User;
import service.UserService;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:beans.xml")
@TestExecutionListeners(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.class)
@Transactional
public class ListActionTest extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests{
private UserService userService;
public UserService getUserService() {
return userService;
}
@Resource
public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
this.userService = userService;
}
// @Rollback(false)默认true
@Test
public void test(){
/*User user = userService.getUser(50);
System.out.println(user.getUname());
List<User> users = userService.getUsers();
System.out.println(users.size());*/
User user2 = new User();
user2.setUname("b");
user2.setPwd("b");
userService.add(user2);
}
}
运行时报错：spring
警告: Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener@15975490] to process 'before' execution of test method [public void TestContext.ListActionTest.test()] for test instance [TestContext.ListActionTest@40dd3977] java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot start a new transaction without ending the existing transaction. at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener.beforeTestMethod(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:169) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.beforeTestMethod(TestContextManager.java:265) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:74) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:254) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:193) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
注释掉下面一行注解框架
//@TestExecutionListeners(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.class)
运行成功。eclipse
ListActionTest的父类AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests已经使用的注解ide
@TestExecutionListeners({TransactionalTestExecutionListener.class, SqlScriptsTestExecutionListener.class})
而AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests的父类AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests又使用了注解测试
@TestExecutionListeners({ ServletTestExecutionListener.class, DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener.class,
DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class, DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class })
因此这6个注解都会自动继承，不须要添加。this
而至于为何一添加lua
TransactionalTestExecutionListener.class
就报异常，我查了下：spa
一人回答的是：
TransactionalTestExecutionListener is the only guy who creates transactions. It checks @Transactional annotation presence and then opens transaction. In case on test execution listeners are specified spring uses some default test execution listeners one of which is TransactionalTestExecutionListener, that is why it seems that listener and annotation works separately.
他提到TransactionalTestExecutionListener 检测到@Transactional会开启一个transaction。后半段我根据本身理解断了下句以下：
In case of test execution, listeners are specified spring, uses some default test execution listeners, one of which is TransactionalTestExecutionListener, that is why it seems that listener and annotation works separately.
简单翻译下就是：当你执行测试时，若是指定了使用spring的监听器，那么会使用一些默认的监听器，而这些默认监听器中的其中一个即是TransactionalTestExecutionListener，这也就是为何监听器和注解会分开使用的缘由。
可是以上解释仍是听得云里雾里的，因此我本身总结以下：
加上TransactionalTestExecutionListener 时就报异常java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot start a new transaction without ending the existing transaction.。缘由是：
咱们继承AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests时，已经继承了注解TransactionalTestExecutionListener ，这时再重复使用此注解，便是在原来已经开了一个transaction的基础上又重复开了个transaction.因此会报这个异常。
这一缘由只是我我的的猜测，有看到此博客的兄弟，若有更好的解释和evidence，还望不吝赐教。多谢！