关于python调用zabbix api接口
因公司业务须要，引进了自动化运维，所用到的监控平台为zbbix3.2，最近正在学习python，计划使用python调用zabbix api接口去作些事情，如生成报表，我想最基本的是要取得zabbix中的数据，这是第一步，今天先体验了一把，已经成功获取获得部分数据，因此记录下来。php
操做系统：win10python
zabbix版本：3.2json
python版本：2.7.14api
IDE：PyCharm 2017.2.3app
Build #PY-172.3968.37, built on September 1, 2017
Licensed to smile运维
JRE: 1.8.0_152-release-915-b11 amd64
JVM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM by JetBrains s.r.opython2.7
1. user.login方法获取zabbix server的认证密钥。官方地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.4/zh/manual/api/reference/user/login学习
python实现方法：ui
#!/usr/bin/env python2.7 #coding=utf-8 import json import urllib2 # based url and required header url = "http://192.168.0.217/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php" header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"} # auth user and password data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": { "user": "Admin", "password": "zabbix" }, "id": 0 }) # create request object request = urllib2.Request(url,data) for key in header: request.add_header(key,header[key]) # auth and get authid try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except urllib2.URLError as e: print "Auth Failed, Please Check Your Name AndPassword:",e.reason else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print"Auth Successful. The Auth ID Is:",response['result']
输出结果：url
2.hostgroup.get方法获取全部主机组ID。把第一步得到的认证密钥填写到“auth”中，每次获取数据时都须要认证。此处是获取zabbix server上的全部主机组名称与ID号。
官方地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.4/zh/manual/api/reference/hostgroup/get
python实现方法：
#!/usr/bin/env python2.7 #coding=utf-8 import json import urllib2 # based url and required header url = "http://192.168.0.217/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php" header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"} # request json data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"hostgroup.get", "params":{ "output":["groupid","name"], }, "auth":"4c38be0e3cda326c63e4f4be8f73a056", # theauth id is what auth script returns, remeber it is string "id":1, }) # create request object request = urllib2.Request(url,data) for key in header: request.add_header(key,header[key]) # get host list try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except urllib2.URLError as e: if hasattr(e, 'reason'): print 'We failed to reach a server.' print 'Reason: ', e.reason elif hasattr(e, 'code'): print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' print 'Error code: ', e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(response['result']) #print response for group in response['result']: print "Group ID:",group['groupid'],"\tGroupName:",group['name']
输出结果：
3.host.get方法获取单个主机组下全部的主机ID。把第二点中获取到的主机组id，填入到下面代码“groupids”中，便可得到该主机组下全部的主机id。
官方地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.4/zh/manual/api/reference/host/get
python实现方法：
#!/usr/bin/env python2.7 #coding=utf-8 import json import urllib2 # based url and required header url = "http://192.168.0.217/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php" header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"} # request json data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.get", "params":{ "output":["hostid","name"], "groupids":"8", }, "auth":"4c38be0e3cda326c63e4f4be8f73a056", # theauth id is what auth script returns, remeber it is string "id":1, }) # create request object request = urllib2.Request(url,data) for key in header: request.add_header(key,header[key]) # get host list try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except urllib2.URLError as e: if hasattr(e, 'reason'): print 'We failed to reach a server.' print 'Reason: ', e.reason elif hasattr(e, 'code'): print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' print 'Error code: ', e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(response['result']) for host in response['result']: print "Host ID:",host['hostid'],"HostName:",host['name']
输出结果：
4.itemsid.get方法获取单个主机下全部的监控项ID。根据第三点中获取到的全部主机id与名称，找到你想要获取的主机id，填写到下面代码“hostids”中，获取它下面的全部监控项。
官方地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.4/zh/manual/api/reference/item/get
python实现方法：
#!/usr/bin/env python2.7 #coding=utf-8 import json import urllib2 # based url and required header url = "http://192.168.0.217/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php" header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"} # request json data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"item.get", "params":{ "output":["itemids","key_"], "hostids":"10123", }, "auth":"4c38be0e3cda326c63e4f4be8f73a056", # theauth id is what auth script returns, remeber it is string "id":1, }) # create request object request = urllib2.Request(url,data) for key in header: request.add_header(key,header[key]) # get host list try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except urllib2.URLError as e: if hasattr(e, 'reason'): print 'We failed to reach a server.' print 'Reason: ', e.reason elif hasattr(e, 'code'): print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' print 'Error code: ', e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(response['result']) for host in response['result']: print host #print "Host ID:",host['hostid'],"HostName:",host['name']
输出结果：
5.history.get方法获取单个监控项的历史数据。根据第4点获取到的全部items id的值，找到想要监控的那项，填写到下面代码“itemids”中，获取它的历史数据。
官方地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.4/zh/manual/api/reference/history/get
python实现方法：
#!/usr/bin/env python2.7 #coding=utf-8 import json import urllib2 # based url and required header url = "http://192.168.0.217/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php" header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"} # request json data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"history.get", "params":{ "output":"extend", "history":3, "itemids":"27019", "limit":10 }, "auth":"4c38be0e3cda326c63e4f4be8f73a056", # theauth id is what auth script returns, remeber it is string "id":1, }) # create request object request = urllib2.Request(url,data) for key in header: request.add_header(key,header[key]) # get host list try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except urllib2.URLError as e: if hasattr(e, 'reason'): print 'We failed to reach a server.' print 'Reason: ', e.reason elif hasattr(e, 'code'): print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' print 'Error code: ', e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(response['result']) for host in response['result']: print host #print "Host ID:",host['hostid'],"HostName:",host['name']
输出结果：