1 静默安装DB软件html
1.1 建立/etc/oraInst.loc文件并添加以下内容：
这里异必定是两行不能写一行，在此处吃过亏，不然安装数据软件的时候报错 java
inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory inst_group=oinstall 更改文件的权限 chown oracle:oinstall /etc/oraInst.loc chmod 664 /etc/oraInst.loc
1.2 建立response文件sql
修改response文件db_install.rsp，在文件在安装目录的response目录下，根据需求修改这个配置文件。数据库
[root@localhost instanllOracle11g]# cd /database/ [root@localhost database]# ls install readme.html response rpm runInstaller sshsetup stage welcome.html [root@localhost database]# cd response/ [root@localhost response]# pwd /database/response [root@localhost response]# ls dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp 文件过滤找到须要修改的地方： cat db_install.rsp |grep -v "#"|grep -v "^$" [root@localhost response]# cat db_install.rsp |grep -v "#"|grep -v "^$" oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY ORACLE_HOSTNAME= UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0 oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES= oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall= oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation= oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup= oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword= MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME= MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD= SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT= DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true PROXY_HOST= PROXY_PORT= PROXY_USER= PROXY_PWD= PROXY_REALM= COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL= oracle.installer.autoupdates.option= oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc= AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME= AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD= 能够根据咱们的须要手工进行修改，实际上最简单的就是在GUI安装的时候，生成response文件，这样照葫芦画瓢就能够了。 最终咱们修改了db_install.rsp中的以下内容： oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0 oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true 其中DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES必定要设置成true，不然在安装的时候会出现如下的告警： [WARNING] - My Oracle Support Username/Email Address Not Specified [SEVERE] - Provide the My Oracle Support password. 没法继续安装
1.3 使用response 文件静默安装db软件 bash
[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile /database/response/db_install.rsp Starting Oracle Universal Installer... Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 3690 MB Passed Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4095 MB Passed Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-05-22_11-54-15AM. Please wait ...[oracle@localhost database]$ You can find the loll session at: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2017-05-22_11-54-15AM.log [oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile /database/response/db_install.rsp Starting Oracle Universal Installer... Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 3464 MB Passed Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4095 MB Passed Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-05-22_11-55-07AM. Please wait ...[oracle@localhost database]$ [WARNING] [INS-32016] The selected Oracle home contains directories or files. CAUSE: The selected Oracle home contained directories or files. ACTION: To start with an empty Oracle home, either remove its contents or choose another location. The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful. Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2017-05-22_11-54-15AM.log' for more details. As a root user, execute the following script(s): 1. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh Successfully Setup Software. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
2 netca静默建立监听
netca.rsp不须要修改,直接创建监听，而且必定要注意环境变量要正确，不然netca 报错 -bash: netca: command not found,出现这个问题 基本是环境变量的问题 session
[oracle@localhost app]$ netca -silent -responsefile /database/response/netca.rsp Parsing command line arguments: Parameter "silent" = true Parameter "responsefile" = /database/response/netca.rsp Done parsing command line arguments. Oracle Net Services Configuration: Profile configuration complete. Oracle Net Listener Startup: Running Listener Control: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER Listener Control complete. Listener started successfully. Listener configuration complete. Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
3 手工建库oracle
3.1 建立初始化文件 app
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ pwd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs [oracle@localhost dbs]$ ls hc_cndba.dat initcndba.ora init.ora lkCNDBA 从其余环境copy 过来也能够 touch 这个文件 而后添加如下内容: 注意这里是oracle 用户建立,若是使用root 用户建立的话记得赋权限 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora [oracle@localhost dbs]$ cat initorcl.ora orcl.__db_cache_size=146800640 orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304 orcl.__large_pool_size=587202560 orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=25165824 orcl.__sga_target=1023410176 orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0 orcl.__shared_pool_size=272629760 orcl.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' *.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_name='orcl' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832 *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)' *.memory_target=1048576000 *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=1500 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.sessions=1655 *.undo_management='AUTO' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
3.2 建立相关目录
根据当前的环境来建立，通常在$ORACLE_BASE/oradata下,若是使用root 用户建立的话记得赋权限 chown -R oracle:oinstall dom
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ mkdir oradata [oracle@localhost oracle]$ cd oradata [oracle@localhost oradata]$ mkdir orcl [oracle@localhost oradata]$ cd orcl [oracle@localhost orcl]$ pwd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl [oracle@localhost orcl]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/ [oracle@localhost orcl]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump
3.3 使用pfile 将DB启动到nomountssh
[oracle@localhost orcl]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl [oracle@localhost orcl]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon May 22 12:45:40 2017 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1043886080 bytes Fixed Size 2259840 bytes Variable Size 889193600 bytes Database Buffers 146800640 bytes Redo Buffers 5632000 bytes
3.4 执行建立数据库脚本
CREATE DATABASE orcl
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo1.log') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo2.log') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo3.log') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXDATAFILES 100
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf'SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1 TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf' SIZE 20M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1 DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
3.5 执行善后脚本
SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql --约2分钟，做用：建立数据字典 SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql --约5分钟，做用：建立存储过程和包，跑完这两个脚本后库已经建完了。
3.6 验证
SQL>conn system/oracle SQL>@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql --约1分钟，以conn system/manager 运行此脚本 做用：设置sqlplus的一些包，让其它用户能够登陆sqlplus SQL> conn /as sysdba Connected. SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance; INSTANCE_NAME STATUS -------------------------------- ------------------------ orcl OPEN 1 row selected. SQL> col comp_name for a40 SQL> col version for a15 SQL> col status for a20 SQL> select comp_name,version,status from sys.dba_registry; COMP_NAME VERSION STATUS ---------------------------------------- --------------- -------------------- Oracle Database Catalog Views 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle Database Packages and Types 11.2.0.4.0 VALID 2 rows selected. 这里的2个组件，就是咱们以前运行脚本建立的。 咱们查看一组用DBCA 建立的实例的组件： SQL> select comp_name,version,status from sys.dba_registry; COMP_NAME VERSION STATUS ---------------------------------------- --------------- -------------------- OWB 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle Application Express 3.2.1.00.12 VALID Oracle Enterprise Manager 11.2.0.4.0 VALID OLAP Catalog 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Spatial 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle Multimedia 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle XML Database 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle Text 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle Expression Filter 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle Rules Manager 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle Workspace Manager 11.2.0.4.0 VALID COMP_NAME VERSION STATUS ---------------------------------------- --------------- -------------------- Oracle Database Catalog Views 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle Database Packages and Types 11.2.0.4.0 VALID JServer JAVA Virtual Machine 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle XDK 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle Database Java Packages 11.2.0.4.0 VALID OLAP Analytic Workspace 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle OLAP API 11.2.0.4.0 VALID 18 rows selected. 缺乏的组件也继续能够运行脚本建立，咱们这里添加OLAP 和Spatial组件： @?/olap/admin/olap.sql SYSAUX TEMP; @?/md/admin/mdinst.sql SQL> select comp_name,version,status from sys.dba_registry; COMP_NAME VERSION STATUS ---------------------------------------- --------------- -------------------- Oracle Database Catalog Views 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle Database Packages and Types 11.2.0.4.0 VALID OLAP Analytic Workspace 11.2.0.4.0 VALID Oracle OLAP API 11.2.0.4.0 LOADED